INFLUENCE OF INCREASING FLUORIDE DOSE RATES ON SELECTED LIVER AND KIDNEY ENZYMES PROFILE IN DOMESTIC CHICKEN (Gallus domesticus)
K. M. Anjum, M.S. Mughal*, U. Sayyed**, A. Yaqub**, A. Khalique***, M.A. Rashid***, M. Z. Yousaf*†, and N. Mumtaz*††
Department of Wildlife and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
*Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
**Department of Zoology, GC University, Lahore, Pakistan
***Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
†Nano-Biotechnology Lab, Department of Advanced Materials, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
*††Department of Zoology, University of Education, Bank Road Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
Corresponding author email: raviankhalid@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Fluoride has been considered to cause hepatic and renal tissue damages in animals and humans. The present study investigated the effect of varying concentrations of fluoride on hepatic and renal enzyme profile in domestic chicken (n=80). Chicken were distributed into 4 groups. Group A was kept unexposed while group B, C and D were exposed to 10, 20 and 30 µg/g body weight of NaF respectively on weekly basis for four weeks. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino-transferase (ALT) and bilirubin were determined as indicators of liver function test (LFT), while uric acid was as a parameter for renal function test (RFT). All LFT and RFT parameters showed high values (P< 0.05) after one, two three and four weeks in all groups. 579.4 ± 1.55, 355.0 ± 2.13, 246.2 ± 2.45 and 0.83 ± 1.46 were the ALP, AST, ALAT and bilirubin values for LFT and uric acid was 6.74 ± 2.92 in D group at the end of four weeks. All these results indicate the probability of severe effect on the physiology of the liver and kidneys in the exposed birds.
Key words: Fluoride intoxication, domestic chicken, LFT, RFT, bilirubin.
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