COMBINING ABILITY EFFECTS AND INHERITANCE OF MATURITY AND
YIELD ASSOCIATED TRAITS IN F2 POPULATIONS OF WHEAT
K.
Din1, N.U. Khan1,*, S. Gul1, S.U. Khan2,
I. Tahir1, Z.
Bibi3, S. Ali4, S.A. Khan4, N. Ali4,
I.A. Khalil5 and O.
Mumtaz1
1Department of
Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
2Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic
Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
3Department of Soil Science, Faculty of
Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
4Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics,
The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
5Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI),
Pirsabak – Nowshera, Pakistan
*Corresponding author email:
nukmarwat@yahoo.com, nukmarwat@aup.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
In existing era of
molecular breeding, conventional breeding has sustainable foundation, and
molecular marker applications are certified through classical breeding. The
present study was carried out with the objectives to determine the genetic
variability, combining ability effects among populations, and gene action for
maturity and yield traits in wheat. Six wheat lines i.e., IBWSN-177, IBWSN-52,
IBWSN131, SRN-09111, PR-107 and NR-21, and three testers i.e., Pakhtunkhwa-15,
Pirsabak-15 and Shahkar-13 were crossed during 2015-16 in a line by tester
matting design. After advancing the generation during 2016-17, the parental
lines and testers, and their eighteen F2 populations were grown
during 2017-18 in randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant
(p≤0.01) differences were observed among genotypes for all the traits. Line
by tester F2populations revealed significant (p≤0.01)
variations for all the traits. However, testers were significant (p≤0.01)
for days to maturity, spikelets per spike and 1000-grain weight. Parental lines
IBWSN-131 and IBWSN-52,testers Pakhtunkhwa-15 and Shahkar-13, and F2 populations IBWSN-131 × Pakhtunkhwa-15, SRN-09111 × Pakhtunkhwa-15 and PR-107 ×
Shahkar-13revealed significant (p≤0.01) GCA and SCA effects and acknowledged
as best general and specific combiners for various traits. High × high, high ×
low and low × high general combiners were involved in F2 populations
with promising SCA and best mean performance. In proportional contribution,F2 populations has maximum share to total variance for the majority of the traits.
The ratios of GCA to SCA, and average degree of dominance were smaller and
greater than unity, respectively, which revealed that non-additive gene effects
governed all the traits. Due to non-additive gene action, the selection of
promising populations in terms of maturity and yield traits should be delayed
to later segregating generations. The said promising populations could be used
in future breeding program to develop early maturing and high yielding wheat
genotypes.
Key
words: L
× T combining ability; gene action; earliness; yield related traits; F2 populations; Triticum aestivum L.
https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2020.4.0114
Published online April 25, 2020